It follows from ( 3.36 ) that the net amount of work done by the working substance during the Carnot cycle is equal to the area contained within the figure ABCD in Fig. In this transformation the working substance gives up a quantity of heat Q 2 to the cold reservoir. iv.įinally, the cylinder is placed on the cold reservoir and, by increasing the force applied to the piston, the working substance is compressed isothermally along DA back to its original state A. Again the working substance does work against the force applied to the piston. The cylinder is returned to the nonconducting stand and the working substance undergoes an adiabatic expansion along book web site in Fig. During this process the working substance does work by expanding against the force applied to the piston. During this process the working substance expands isothermally at temperature T 1 to point C in Fig. The cylinder is now placed on the warm reservoir H, from which it extracts a quantity of heat Q 1. Red lines are isotherms, and orange lines are adiabats. Representations of a Carnot cycle on a p–V diagram. A heat engine (or engine for short) is a device that does work through the agency of heat.įig. A working substance is said to undergo a reversible transformation if each state of the system is in equilibrium so that a reversal in the direction of an infinitesimal change returns the working substance and the environment to their original states. Therefore, from ( 3.33), the net heat absorbed by the working substance is equal to the external work that it does in the cycle. Since the initial and final states of the working substance are the same in a cyclic process, and internal energy is a function of state, the internal energy of the working substance is unchanged in a cyclic process. If the volume of the working substance changes, the working substance may do external work, or work may be done on the working substance, during a cyclic process. Hobbs, in Atmospheric Science (Second Edition), 2006 3.7.1 The Carnot CycleĪ cyclic process is a series of operations by which the state of a substance (called the working substance) changes but the substance is finally returned to its original state in all respects.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
March 2023
Categories |